University of Qom Iranian Journal of International and Comparative Law 2980-9282 1 2 2023 07 01 ‘Humanitarian Reasons’ in the Debt Relief of Natural Persons in Contemporary Polish Insolvency Law in the Light of Judeo-Christian Tradition and Philosophy 175 190 2307 10.22091/ijicl.2022.8154.1032 EN Rafał Adamus Associate Professor of University of Opole, Poland 0000-0003-4968-459X Journal Article 2022 04 27 The study refers to the competence given to commercial courts in Poland to be guided by “humanitarian reasons” in matters regarding the debt relief for insolvent natural persons. Humanitarian reasons allow the omission of general legal standards. The general clause "humanitarian reasons" can be clarified by referring– <em>inter alia– </em>to the Judeo-Christian traditional concept of debt relief and philosophy. However, Poland is a secular state. In Mosaic law, the debt relief was systemic in nature due to the construction of the sabbath and jubilee years. In Christian ethics, human dignity, forgiveness and mercy have an important place. The influence of Judeo-Christian tradition in Poland on the concept of humanitarianism is a fact. Irrespective of the personal beliefs of the body applying the law and the specific addressee of the court ruling, Judeo-Christian tradition allows for the formulation of directives as to the judicial interpretation of the term "humanitarian” in a secular state. https://ijicl.qom.ac.ir/article_2307_a96d8ded4eecded3a469bc965f90ff4d.pdf